/* ============================================================
   James E. Hart — Appalachian / Blue Ridge theme
   Color and type system inspired by misty layered ridges at dawn.
   ============================================================ */

@view-transition {
  navigation: auto;
}

@keyframes ridge-fade-out {
  to {
    opacity: 0;
  }
}

@keyframes ridge-fade-in {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
}

::view-transition-old(root) {
  animation: ridge-fade-out 280ms ease both;
}

::view-transition-new(root) {
  animation: ridge-fade-in 320ms ease both;
}

::view-transition-group(root) {
  background-color: #131c2a;
}

:root {
  /* Ridge palette — far ridges fade to lighter, near ridges to darker */
  --ridge-deepest: #131c2a;
  --ridge-deep: #2b3d54;
  --ridge-mid: #5a7390;
  --ridge-far: #97aac1;
  --ridge-mist: #cfdae6;

  /* Dawn warm tones */
  --dawn-cream: #f3ebe0;
  --dawn-bright: #fbf5ea;
  --dawn-haze: #e7d5c2;
  --dawn-gold: #c89248;
  --dawn-ember: #b85a2e;

  /* Forest accent */
  --moss-deep: #3f5638;
  --moss: #5a7a4f;

  /* Ink */
  --ink: #1a2230;
  --ink-soft: rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.72);
  --ink-faint: rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.5);

  /* Cream paper for cards */
  --paper: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.86);
  --paper-strong: #fcf6ec;
  --paper-edge: rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.12);

  /* Effects */
  --shadow-ridge: 0 22px 50px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.28);
  --shadow-soft: 0 10px 24px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.12);
  --shadow-card: 0 14px 32px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.1);

  --radius-pill: 999px;
  --radius-round: 50%;
  --max-width: 980px;

  --font-display: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
  --font-body: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  background-color: #131c2a;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 100vh;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--ink);
  background-color: #131c2a;
  background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, #f6efe4 0%, #efe5d6 50%, #e3dccf 100%);
  overflow-x: hidden;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Page shells
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.page {
  --page-overlay: linear-gradient(
    180deg,
    rgba(26, 36, 56, 0.25) 0%,
    rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.55) 70%,
    rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.78) 100%
  );
  position: relative;
  min-height: 100vh;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 48px 20px 56px;
  background-color: #131c2a;
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  isolation: isolate;
  overflow-x: clip;
}

.page::before {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: -5%;
  z-index: -2;
  background-image: url("assets/mountains/spruce-knob-allegheny.jpg");
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center 35%;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  animation: ken-burns 48s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
  will-change: transform;
  transform-origin: 50% 45%;
}

.page::after {
  content: "";
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: -1;
  pointer-events: none;
  background-image:
    url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 1600 320' preserveAspectRatio='none'%3E%3Cdefs%3E%3CradialGradient id='m' cx='50%25' cy='50%25' r='50%25'%3E%3Cstop offset='0%25' stop-color='%23fff' stop-opacity='0.2'/%3E%3Cstop offset='100%25' stop-color='%23fff' stop-opacity='0'/%3E%3C/radialGradient%3E%3C/defs%3E%3Cellipse cx='320' cy='180' rx='200' ry='60' fill='url(%23m)'/%3E%3Cellipse cx='680' cy='130' rx='220' ry='55' fill='url(%23m)'/%3E%3Cellipse cx='1020' cy='200' rx='210' ry='65' fill='url(%23m)'/%3E%3Cellipse cx='1320' cy='150' rx='180' ry='50' fill='url(%23m)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E"),
    var(--page-overlay);
  background-size: 200% 60%, 100% 100%;
  background-position: 0% 70%, 0 0;
  background-repeat: repeat-x, no-repeat;
  animation: mist-drift 38s linear infinite;
  will-change: background-position;
}

@keyframes ken-burns {
  0% {
    transform: scale(1.02) translate3d(0, 0, 0);
  }
  100% {
    transform: scale(1.1) translate3d(-1.5%, 1%, 0);
  }
}

@keyframes mist-drift {
  from {
    background-position: 0% 70%, 0 0;
  }
  to {
    background-position: -200% 70%, 0 0;
  }
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   HOME — full-bleed Blue Ridge hero (extra-dramatic overlay)
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.page--home {
  --page-overlay: linear-gradient(
    180deg,
    rgba(26, 36, 56, 0.15) 0%,
    rgba(26, 36, 56, 0.05) 30%,
    rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.55) 75%,
    rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.85) 100%
  );
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 32px 20px 16px;
}

.page--home .hero {
  flex: 1;
  justify-content: center;
}

/* keep the empty .backdrop / orb / grid markup harmless on home */
.page--home .backdrop,
.page--home .orb,
.page--home .grid {
  display: none;
}

.page--home .name {
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  text-shadow: 0 2px 24px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.6);
}

.page--home .title {
  color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.86);
}

.page--home .menu-link {
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.1);
  border-color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.32);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
}

.page--home .menu-link:hover,
.page--home .menu-link:focus {
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.22);
  border-color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.55);
  color: var(--paper-strong);
}

.page--home .social {
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.12);
  border-color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.3);
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
}

.page--home .social.orcid,
.page--home .social.scholar,
.page--home .social.institution,
.page--home .social.linked,
.page--home .social.mail {
  /* override colorful tints over the dark hero — stay cream for cohesion */
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.12);
}

.page--home .photo-frame {
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.18);
  border: 1px solid rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.45);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 42px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.55), 0 0 0 6px rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.06);
}

.page--home .site-footer {
  color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.7);
}

.page--home .site-footer a {
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  border-color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.4);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   INNER PAGES — slim ridge banner above content
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.page--publications,
.page--essays,
.page--tutorials,
.page--essay,
.page--press,
.page--multimedia {
  align-items: stretch;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 36px 0 56px;
}

/* Hide the legacy orb/grid backdrop on inner pages too */
.page--publications .backdrop,
.page--essays .backdrop,
.page--tutorials .backdrop,
.page--essay .backdrop,
.page--press .backdrop,
.page--multimedia .backdrop {
  display: none;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Hero (home)
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.hero {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  gap: 22px;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
}

.photo-frame {
  width: clamp(200px, 26vw, 300px);
  height: clamp(200px, 26vw, 300px);
  border-radius: var(--radius-round);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  padding: 8px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-ridge);
  border: 2px solid rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.12);
}

.photo-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: var(--radius-round);
  display: block;
}

.name {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 5.2vw, 4.8rem);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  line-height: 1.05;
}

.title {
  margin: -4px 0 0;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  max-width: 720px;
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Nav menu
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.menu {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.menu-link {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: 10px 18px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  border: 1px solid rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.18);
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.78);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, background 0.2s ease, border 0.2s ease,
    box-shadow 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}

.menu-link:hover,
.menu-link:focus {
  outline: none;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: var(--dawn-gold);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 22px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.16);
}

.menu-link.is-active {
  background: var(--ridge-deep);
  border-color: var(--ridge-deep);
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 18px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.2);
}

.page--home .menu-link.is-active {
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  border-color: var(--paper-strong);
  color: var(--ridge-deepest);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Socials
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.socials {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  justify-content: center;
}

.social {
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-round);
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.18);
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.85);
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, border 0.2s ease;
}

.social svg {
  width: 22px;
  height: 22px;
  fill: currentColor;
}

.social-icon {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.social:hover,
.social:focus {
  outline: none;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 18px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.15);
  border-color: var(--dawn-gold);
}

/* (light tints for inner-page contexts where socials sit on cream) */
.social.orcid {
  color: #1f7a43;
  background: rgba(31, 122, 67, 0.12);
}
.social.github {
  color: #1a2230;
}
.social.scholar {
  color: #2a6ed1;
  background: rgba(42, 110, 209, 0.12);
}
.social.institution {
  color: #1f3d7a;
  background: rgba(31, 61, 122, 0.12);
}
.social.linked {
  color: #0072b1;
  background: rgba(0, 114, 177, 0.12);
}
.social.mail {
  color: var(--dawn-ember);
  background: rgba(184, 90, 46, 0.12);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Reveal animation
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(16px);
  animation: fadeUp 0.9s ease forwards;
  animation-delay: var(--d, 0s);
}

@keyframes fadeUp {
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Topbar (inner pages) — sits over banner photo
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.topbar {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto 28px;
  padding: 0 20px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 14px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.home-link.menu-link {
  text-transform: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 8px 18px;
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.92);
  border-color: rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.18);
  color: var(--ink);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-soft);
}

.menu--inline {
  justify-content: center;
  width: 100%;
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  padding: 10px 12px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  border: 1px solid rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.1);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-soft);
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  gap: 6px;
}

.menu--inline .menu-link {
  padding: 7px 14px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  background: transparent;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
}

.menu--inline .menu-link:hover,
.menu--inline .menu-link:focus {
  background: rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.06);
  border-color: transparent;
  transform: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.menu--inline .menu-link.is-active {
  background: var(--ridge-deep);
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  border-color: var(--ridge-deep);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 14px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.18);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Publications
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.pub-wrap {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: center;
}

.pub-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 36px;
  width: 100%;
  align-items: center;
}

.pub-year {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  width: 100%;
}

.pub-year h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.4em;
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  text-shadow: 0 1px 12px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.55);
  text-align: center;
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 18px;
}

.pub-year h2::before,
.pub-year h2::after {
  content: "";
  display: inline-block;
  width: 28px;
  height: 1px;
  background: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.45);
  vertical-align: middle;
  margin: 0 12px;
}

.pub-cards {
  display: grid;
  gap: 16px;
  width: 100%;
  justify-items: center;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}

.pub-card {
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-edge);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--ridge-mid);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 20px 24px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  width: min(100%, 820px);
  text-align: left;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.pub-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-left-color: var(--dawn-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 36px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.14);
}

.pub-title {
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.22rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.pub-type {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.24em;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  color: var(--moss-deep);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.pub-authors,
.pub-venue {
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.pub-venue {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-faint);
}

.pub-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.pub-links a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ridge-deep);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--dawn-gold);
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.pub-links a:hover {
  color: var(--dawn-ember);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Essays / Tutorials / Press
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.essay-wrap {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: center;
}

.essay-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
  width: 100%;
  align-items: center;
}

.essay-card {
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-edge);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--moss);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 20px 24px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  width: min(100%, 820px);
  text-align: left;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.essay-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-left-color: var(--dawn-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 18px 36px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.14);
}

.essay-title {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.essay-title a,
.essay-title a:visited {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  background-image: linear-gradient(transparent 86%, var(--dawn-gold) 86%);
  background-size: 100% 100%;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.essay-title a:hover,
.essay-title a:focus {
  color: var(--ridge-deep);
}

.essay-meta {
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  align-items: center;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.essay-pdf {
  color: var(--moss-deep);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.essay-empty {
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.8);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-style: italic;
}

.essay-page {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: min(100%, 820px);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-edge);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 32px 36px 36px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  text-align: left;
  margin: 0 20px;
}

.essay-page-title {
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 2.8vw, 2.6rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.15;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.essay-page-meta {
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-style: italic;
}

.essay-content {
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.88);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.essay-content h2,
.essay-content h3,
.essay-content h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  margin: 24px 0 12px;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ridge-deep);
}

.essay-content p {
  margin: 0 0 16px;
}

.essay-content ul {
  margin: 0 0 16px 18px;
  padding: 0;
}

.essay-content a {
  color: var(--ridge-deep);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--dawn-gold);
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.press-summary {
  margin: 10px 0 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Multimedia / Notebook
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.media-wrap {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: center;
}

.media-intro {
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 720px;
}

.media-kicker {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.36em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--dawn-gold);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.media-title-main {
  margin: 10px 0 12px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.2vw, 2.8rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.1;
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  text-shadow: 0 1px 16px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.55);
}

.media-lede {
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.86);
  line-height: 1.65;
  font-style: italic;
}

.media-grid,
.media-folder-grid {
  display: grid;
  gap: 18px;
  width: 100%;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.media-section-title {
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.36em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  text-shadow: 0 1px 12px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.55);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.media-card {
  background: var(--paper);
  border: 1px solid var(--paper-edge);
  border-radius: 14px;
  padding: 20px 24px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-card);
  width: 100%;
  text-align: left;
}

.media-type {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.24em;
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  color: var(--moss-deep);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.media-title {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.22rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.media-caption {
  margin: 14px 0 0;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.media-quote {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 18px 22px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--moss-deep);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  min-height: 3em;
}

.media-caption--quote {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.media-attribution {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.apple-music-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 7px 14px 7px 12px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill, 999px);
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  text-decoration: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  transition: transform 0.15s ease, background 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 6px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.18);
}

button.apple-music-link {
  font-family: inherit;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.apple-music-link:hover,
.apple-music-link:focus-visible {
  background: var(--moss-deep);
  border-color: var(--moss-deep);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.25);
  outline: none;
}

.apple-music-link__icon {
  width: 16px;
  height: 16px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.apple-music-link__label {
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.media-frame {
  margin: 0;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.1);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  padding: 12px;
  display: grid;
  place-items: center;
  position: relative;
}

.media-frame--photo {
  aspect-ratio: auto;
}

.media-frame--video {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.media-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 10px;
  display: block;
}

.media-frame--photo img {
  height: auto;
}

.media-frame video {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 10px;
  display: block;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.video-badge {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  background: rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.7);
  color: var(--paper-strong);
  padding: 8px 14px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.24em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Carousel
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.carousel {
  margin-top: 14px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: center;
}

.carousel-track {
  display: grid;
  grid-auto-flow: column;
  grid-auto-columns: minmax(200px, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  padding: 6px 2px;
}

.carousel-slide {
  margin: 0;
  scroll-snap-align: center;
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  border: 1px solid rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.1);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 10px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 8px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-soft);
}

.carousel-slide img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 200px;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 8px;
  display: block;
  cursor: zoom-in;
}

.carousel-slide figcaption {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-style: italic;
}

.carousel-control {
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  border: 1px solid rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.18);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: 0 14px;
  min-width: 64px;
  height: 40px;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease, border 0.2s ease;
}

.carousel-control:hover,
.carousel-control:focus {
  outline: none;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: var(--dawn-gold);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 18px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.12);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Lightbox
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.lightbox {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.82);
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 24px;
  z-index: 10;
}

.lightbox.is-open {
  display: grid;
}

.lightbox-dialog {
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 16px 16px 20px;
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
  width: min(92vw, 1100px);
  max-height: 90vh;
  box-shadow: 0 24px 48px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.4);
}

.lightbox-close {
  justify-self: end;
  border-radius: var(--radius-pill);
  border: 1px solid rgba(26, 34, 48, 0.2);
  background: var(--paper-strong);
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: 6px 14px;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.lightbox-image {
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 72vh;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: #fff;
}

.lightbox-caption {
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  font-style: italic;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Site footer (photo credits)
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.site-footer {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 48px auto 0;
  padding: 12px 20px 4px;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 0.66rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.6);
  font-style: italic;
}

.site-footer a {
  color: rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.85);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--dawn-gold);
}

.site-footer a:hover {
  color: var(--dawn-gold);
}

.page--home .site-footer {
  margin-top: 12px;
  font-size: 0.62rem;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Responsive
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .page {
    padding: 36px 14px 44px;
  }

  .page--home {
    padding: 44px 14px 56px;
    background-attachment: scroll; /* fixed bg is janky on iOS */
  }

  .page--home .hero {
    padding: 28px 18px 32px;
  }

  .page--publications,
  .page--essays,
  .page--tutorials,
  .page--essay,
  .page--press,
  .page--multimedia {
    padding-top: 24px;
    padding-bottom: 40px;
  }

  .topbar {
    margin-bottom: 22px;
  }

  .menu--inline {
    padding: 8px 8px;
    gap: 4px;
  }

  .menu--inline .menu-link {
    padding: 6px 10px;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  }

  .pub-year h2 {
    letter-spacing: 0.28em;
  }

  .pub-year h2::before,
  .pub-year h2::after {
    width: 16px;
    margin: 0 6px;
  }

  .menu-link {
    text-align: center;
  }

  .essay-page {
    padding: 22px 20px 26px;
  }

  .media-grid,
  .media-folder-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .carousel-track {
    grid-auto-columns: minmax(180px, 1fr);
  }
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Ink-bleed card hover (warm layered shadow)
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

.pub-card,
.essay-card,
.media-card {
  transition: transform 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1),
    box-shadow 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1),
    border-color 0.3s ease;
}

.pub-card:hover,
.essay-card:hover,
.media-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow:
    0 1px 0 rgba(252, 246, 236, 0.6) inset,
    0 14px 30px rgba(184, 90, 46, 0.12),
    0 22px 44px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.18),
    0 4px 10px rgba(19, 28, 42, 0.1);
}

.media-card:hover {
  border-color: rgba(200, 146, 72, 0.45);
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------
   Respect reduced-motion
   ---------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .page::before,
  .page::after {
    animation: none !important;
  }

  ::view-transition-old(root),
  ::view-transition-new(root) {
    animation: none !important;
  }

}